The Significance of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Identification of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Pakistani Women

Wasim Ahmad

Wasim Ahmad Department of Biotechnology, UST Bannu

Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Hormonal Imbalance, Ovulatory Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, Androgen Excess

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the precision of serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in identifying cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to ascertain its potential as a substitute for the evaluation of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) as outlined in the Rotterdam criteria. Moreover, the investigation seeks to explore the connection between AMH levels and the presence of hyper-androgenism in individuals with PCOS.

Methods: The research was conducted at a private hospital in Peshawar from January 2023 to June 2023, utilizing multiple parameters for diagnosis. Serum AMH levels were determined through the use of a commercially available Gen-II ELISA assay. Additionally, ovarian volume and the maximum follicle count in a single section were obtained through Transvaginal Sonography, executed by a single observer.

Results: The biochemical evaluation, executed at the Department of Bio-Chemistry IMS BHU, involved measuring Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) serum levels using an ultra-sensitive Gen-II enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit developed by Beckman Coulter, CA. The ELISA kit exhibited a lower limit of detectability (LoD) of 0.08 ng/ml, a lower limit of quantification (LoQ) of 0.17 mg/ml, and an intra-assay coefficient of variation of 5.8%. The unit of measurement was ng/mL, which equates to 7.14 pmol/L.

Conclusion: Results from the study indicated significantly elevated levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in individuals affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as compared to the control group. Although AMH alone wasn't deemed a fully dependable diagnostic marker for PCOS, the findings underscored the potential benefit of integrating AMH levels as an additional parameter within the existing Rotterdam criteria. Such inclusion could potentially enhance the precision of PCOS diagnosis. Therefore, AMH levels hold promise as a valuable supplementary marker for diagnosing PCOS.