Evaluation of Uterine Abnormalities in Women with subfertility Using Saline Infusion Sonography; A Retrospective Descriptive Study

Naushaba Malik; Qurra tul Ain; Shahbakht Aftab; Saima Bibi; Taqdees Iftikhar; Shehnaz Sheeba

Naushaba Malik Consultant Radiologist, PESSI Hospital, I-12, Islamabad
Qurra tul Ain Assistant Professor,MCHC,Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences,Islamabad
Shahbakht Aftab Surgical Trainee II, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad
Saima Bibi Assistant Professor, Dept of Obs & Gyane, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi
Taqdees Iftikhar Associate Professor, Dept of Obs & Gyane, Akhtar Saeed Medical Collège, Rawalpindi
Shehnaz Sheeba Assistant Professor, Dept of Obs & Gynae, PAF Hospital E-9 Islamabad

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to use saline infusion sonography to assess the prevalence of uterine abnormalities in women of Islamabad having otherwise unexplained subfertility.

Methodology: This retrospective descriptive study took place at Punjab Employees Social Security Institute (PESSI) Islamabad from Jan. 2017 to Jan.2021. The ethical review board of the institute approved the study. Patients who had normal investigations for male factor, ovulation and tubal patency were included in the study. Medical records of 240 women who had saline infusion sonography (SIS) at PESSI Islamabad were reviewed and studied. The researchers wanted to learn how common uterine abnormalities are in these women and whether there are any links between these abnormalities, patient age, and body mass index (BMI).

Results: Uterine abnormalities were found in 27.92% (67/240) of the women in the study. The most common abnormality was endometrial polyps (12.0%), followed by sub-mucous fibroids (5%), intrauterine adhesions (2.0%), and septae (6.0%). Women with primary infertility were more likely to have uterine abnormalities. Uterine abnormalities were most common in women aged 28-38 years. The distribution of abnormalities differed significantly by age group (p=0.006) and BMI (p=0.020).

Conclusion: Many women with unexplained infertility have uterine abnormalities that they don't know about. Therefore, all women with unexplained infertility should have their uterus examined.