Journal of The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Pakistan

Neonatal Anemia in Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping

Shaista Panhwar — 2026-04-20

Association of Vitamin D with Uterine Fibroid in Women of Reproductive Age

Shamila Ijaz — 2026-04-20

Comparison of Effect of Antenatal Dexamethasone Versus Betamethasone on Antepartum Cardiotocography

Ifra Shafique — 2026-04-17

Objective: To compare the outcome of antenatal dexamethasone versus betamethasone on antepartum cardiotocography in terms of mean number of accelerations and long-term variability at day 0, 2 and 4 following drug administration

Methodology: This single blind Randomized Controlled Trial was carried out at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi from 13th July 2025 to 15th October 2025. The trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT07078786). The study enrolled 110 patients with 55 in each group. In Group A, patients received a 24 mg intramuscular injection of dexamethasone, administered as two doses of 12 mg 24 hours apart. In diabetic patients, the total dose was administered in four equal divided doses 12 hours apart. In Group B, patients received a 24 mg intramuscular injection of betamethasone, administered as two doses of 12 mg 24 hours apart.

Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (all p>0.05). Acceleration counts were similar at baseline (p=0.881) but were significantly higher in the dexamethasone group at day 4 (p<0.001), with significant within-group decline from baseline in both groups (p<0.001). Fetal heart rate variability was significantly better with dexamethasone at day 2 (p=0.006) and day 4 (p=0.013).

Conclusion: Administration of both Dexamethasone and Betamethasone to mother causes transient decrease in both fetal heart rate accelerations and variability with greater effect seen in case of Betamethasone

Frequency and Maternal Outcomes in Women with Severe Iron Deficiency Anemia Presenting in Third Trimester

Khushboo Sarwar — 2026-04-17

Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Women Aged ?30: Frequency, Predisposing Factors, and Clinical Outcomes

Omema Akhtar — 2026-04-17

Objective: To determine the frequency, associated risk factors and clinical outcomes of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) among women aged ?30 years.

Methodology: The cross-sectional research was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Ward-08, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, based on the medical records of the period between January 2022 and December 2024.A total of 138 women diagnosed with POP with complete demographic and clinical information available were included in the study.Information was extracted on the age, obstetric history, BMI status, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and management received.Chi-square tests were used to examine the associations between POP and potential determinants.A regression test (logistic regression [univariate and multivariate]) was conducted to determine independent predictors.

Results: Of 138 women presenting with POP, 35 (25.4%) were aged ?30 years and 103 (74.6%) were older. Most of them were multiparous (88.4% delivered vaginally), and 27.5% of them had a history of instrumental delivery. The intervals between pregnancies were short (85.5%), and the majority of the women were overweight/obese (84.8%). Significant associations were found between POP and mode of delivery (p = 0.001), instrumental delivery (p < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001). The multivariate analysis proved instrumental delivery to be an independent predictor (OR = 0.047: 95% CI = 0.003-0.806). The management involved pessary placement (13.8) or surgery (86.2) with vaginal hysterectomy being the most frequent (58). In 98.6% of cases, clinical improvement was noted.

Conclusion: POP among women ?30 years was uncommon but notable. Instrumental delivery emerged as a significant predictor, emphasizing the need for safer obstetric practices and early pelvic floor assessment. Strengthened obstetric care and preventive strategies may reduce long-term POP burden in young women.

Neonatal Outcomes in Diabetic Patients (Known Diabetic / GDM) With and Without Dexamethasone at >34 Weeks of Gestation: A Comparative Cohort Study

Musarrat Ahad — 2026-04-17

Comparison of the Mean Duration of 3rd Stage of Labour between Intraumbilical and Intravenous Oxytocin

Anam Javed — 2026-05-02

Association Between Maternal Height and Mode of Delivery Among Nulliparous Pregnant Women Delivered at Tertiary Care Hospital

Uzma Afreen — 2026-04-20

Comparing Doses of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine Along With Bupivacaine for Cesarean Section: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Azher Munir — 2026-06-20

Endoscopic Evaluation of Refractory Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Pregnant Patients Unresponsive to Conservative and Medical Therapypy

Mugheera Hussain — 2026-04-20

Comparison of Surgical Site Infections Using Absorbable and Non-Absorbable Sutures during Skin Closure in Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section

Hajra Bibi — 2026-04-20

Platelet Distribution Width as a Severity Marker of Pre-clampsia

Rashida Sultana — 2026-04-20

Association of Intimate Partner Violence and Perinatal Outcomes

Ruby Memon — 2026-04-20

Blood Arrangement and Frequency of Blood Transfusion in Women Undergoing Cesarean Section

Sadaf Afzal — 2026-04-20

Hematometra in a 15-Year-old Female with Mckusick- Kaufman Syndrome: A Case Report

Rida Asghar — 2026-06-11

McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome (MKS) is a genetic disorder affecting the development of the heart, genitals, and limbs. Clinical manifestations of MKS include polydactyly, labial fusion, and cryptorchidism; in some cases, severe cardiac abnormalities are also observed. The MKS gene associated with this disorder is located on chromosome 20. The primary goal of treatment is symptom management; Surgical intervention may be recommended based on genetic testing and clinical evaluation. Patient prognosis depends on the severity of the issues. A 15-year-old girl was treated for hydrometra, polydactyly with hand and foot deformities, and a mild atrial septal defect (ASD). As genetic testing was unavailable at the time, most data were collected through routine examinations and simple clinical observations. Multidisciplinary collaboration was crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Menopause Care in Pakistan Issuing Organization: Pakistan Menopause Society (PMS)

Shamsunnisa Sadia — 2026-07-22

Diagnosis: Clinical history is central. In healthy women aged ?45 years with typical symptoms, menopause is usually diagnosed clinically without laboratory testing. Serum FSH is reserved for suspected premature ovarian insufficiency, early menopause or diagnostic uncertainty. Assessment should address menstrual pattern, symptom burden, quality of life, comorbidities and red flags.

Lifestyle & Psychosocial: Promote balanced nutrition, adequate calcium and vitamin D, regular aerobic and resistance exercise, restorative sleep, weight management, smoking cessation and caffeine moderation. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, mindfulness, stress management and family support should be integrated where appropriate.

Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) is the most effective treatment for vasomotor symptoms and supports genitourinary and bone health. Estrogen alone is appropriate after hysterectomy; women with an intact uterus require endometrial protection with progesterone or progestogens. Treatment should be individualized using the lowest effective dose and suitable route.

Non-Hormonal Treatment: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRIs), gabapentin, oxybutynin and neurokinin-receptor antagonists may be used when MHT is contraindicated or declined. Vaginal moisturizers and lubricants are first line for genitourinary symptoms. Complementary supplements require caution because evidence is limited.

Abnormal Bleeding: Postmenopausal, post-coital, persistent intermenstrual or unscheduled bleeding requires prompt investigation, guided by bleeding pattern, endometrial thickness and individual risk.

Special Populations: Women with premature ovarian insufficiency, early menopause, complex comorbidities or hormone-sensitive cancers require individualized specialist care.

Follow-up: Review at 3 and 6 months, then annually. Shared decision-making and multidisciplinary care are essential.