Comparison of the Fetomaternal Outcome in Women with < 18 Months versus 18-24 Months of Inter Pregnancy Birth Interval

Zonara Qamar; Ulfat Naseem; Shagufta Awais; Zoha Naeem; Tahira Khalid; Shukria Kulsoom

Zonara Qamar Consultant Gynaecologist THQ Kotli Sattian, Rawalpindi
Ulfat Naseem Senior Registrar Gynae Ahmad Medical Complex, Rawalpindi
Shagufta Awais Registrar Gynae Bahria International Hospital, Rawalpindi
Zoha Naeem Demonstrator Gynae Shifa College of Medicine
Tahira Khalid Associate Prof Gynae Federal General Hospital, Chakshehzad
Shukria Kulsoom Registrar Gynae Emaan Hospital, Rawalpindi

Keywords: interpregnancy interval, cesarean delivery, preterm delivery, apgar score, low birth weight.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the fetomaternal outcome in women with < 18 months versus 18~24 months of interpregnancy birth interval.

Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Obstetrics & Gynecology, PNS SHIFA Hospital, Karachi September 2016 to March 2017. A total of 82 women with singleton pregnancy and gestational age > 28 weeks were included. Patients with multiple pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and uterine rupture were excluded. Two groups (A& B) were formed and the patients according to their inter-pregnancy interval i.e. < 18 months and 18-24 months were distributed in A & B respectively. The fetomaternal outcome i.e. caesarean section, post-partum hemorrhage.pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, small for gestational age infants and apgar· score <7 at 5 minutes (yes/no)was recorded by following the patients till delivery.

Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 40 years with mean age of29.78 ± 5.95 years. The maternal outcomes i.e. caesarean section was recorded in 39.02% in group A patients while 9.76% in group B women, preeclampsia was recorded in 26.83% versus 9.76% respectively and postpartum hemorrhage in 29.27% versus 14.63% respectively. Fetal outcome between groups A versus group B as follows; preterm. Delivery in 34.15% versus 12.20%, small [or gestational age infants as 29.27% versus 14.63% and apgar score <7 at 5 minutes in 31.71 % versus 19.51 % respectively with p-value of <0.05.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that short inter pregnancy interval (<18 months) was associated with adverse fetomaternal outcome compared to long interpregnancy interval (18-24 months).