Effect of Dietary Myo-Inositol Supplementation on Pregnant Obese Women to Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of Myoinositol supplementation in pregnant obese and overweight women to reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus as well as improving maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to standard care alone.

Methodology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan Hospital, Muzaffargarh, from February 1, 2023, to August 1, 2023. Participants included obese and overweight pregnant women, divided into two groups. Group A (Intervention) received 2g oral myo-inositol plus 200μg folic acid twice daily until delivery and Group B (Control), received 200μg folic acid twice daily (placebo) until delivery.

GDM was diagnosed using a 2-hour 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 26–28 weeks of gestation. Primary outcomes (GDM incidence) were assessed at 28 weeks, while secondary outcomes (mode of delivery, neonatal outcomes) were recorded postpartum. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.

Results: GDM was observed in 19 (10%) patients in group A as compare to 27 (14.2%) patients in group B (P= 0.208). Term delivery was observed in 175 (92.1%) patients in group A as compare to 171 (90%) patients in group B, while preterm delivery was observed in 15 (7.9%) patients in group A and  19 (10%)  patients in group B (P= 0.472).

Conclusion: Myoinositol supplementation in pregnant obese and overweight women did not significantly reduce the incidence of GDM, although it was associated with a slightly lower GDM rate compared to the control group.