Association of Intimate Partner Violence and Perinatal Outcomes

Ruby Memon; Fehmeeda Parveen; Farkhana Yasmen; Kulsoom Jawed; Sadaf Ujjan

doi:10.71104/jsogp.v16i2.1004

Ruby Memon Postgraduate student (FCPS TRAINEE) LUMHS/Jamshoro
Fehmeeda Parveen Associate Professor of Gynae and OBS LUMHS/ Jamshoro
Farkhana Yasmen Associate professor, Gynae and OBS PUMHS/ Nawabshah
Kulsoom Jawed Assistant professor, Sulemain Roshan Medical College (SRMC)
Sadaf Ujjan Lecturer Community Medicine, LUMHS/Jamshoro

DOI: https://doi.org/10.71104/jsogp.v16i2.1004

Keywords: Perinatal Outcomes, Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and perinatal outcomes among women delivering at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad.

Methods: A case control study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Liaquat University Hospital (LUH) Hyderabad, from August 2025 to January 2026. The sample of 127 women with singleton pregnancies was enrolled consecutively, including 64 with intimate partner violence and 63 without. Intimate partner violence was assessed through structured interviews and perinatal outcomes were recorded after delivery. Chi square test and odds ratios were applied with a significance level of 0.05.

Results: The mean maternal age was 28.6 ± 5.1 years in the IPV group and 27.9 ± 4.8 years in the non-IPV group. Low birth weight (LBW) (35.9% vs 14.3%; OR 3.36), preterm birth (28.1% vs 11.1%; OR 3.13), IUGR (21.9% vs 7.8%; OR 3.30) and PROM (25.0% vs 9.5%; OR 3.16) were significantly higher among IPV-exposed women, while miscarriage, IUD and neonatal death showed non-significant association with IPV.

Conclusion: The intimate partner violence found significantly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including higher rates of low birth weight, preterm birth, IUGR and PROM, indicating the need of proper strategies development to reduce IPV-related maternal and neonatal risks